Nerve Block Injections

Types of Nerve Block Injections

Several types of nerve block injections are available, each targeting a different location.

1. Caudal Epidural Block

The injection is given through the lower end of the sacrum (the bone at the base of your spine), just above the tailbone.

• Think of it as "sending pain-relieving medication into the spinal tunnel from below"
• The medication spreads around the nerves, reducing inflammation and easing numbness and pain
• Effective for symptoms in both legs
• Relatively straightforward and can be done in an outpatient setting

2. Interlaminar Epidural Block

The injection is given between the vertebrae in the middle of your back.

• Think of it as "delivering medication into the spinal tunnel at the closest point to where the problem is"
• Because the medication is placed closer to the compressed area, it is often more effective than a caudal block
• Reduces nerve swelling and inflammation, relieving leg pain and numbness

3. Transforaminal Epidural Block

The injection is given from the side, targeting the foramen — the small opening where the nerve exits the spine.

• Think of it as "placing medication right at the exit point of the problem nerve"
• Best suited when only one leg is affected
• May be less effective if the foramen is severely narrowed

4. Selective Nerve Root Block

The injection targets a single specific nerve root believed to be causing the pain.

• This is both a diagnostic test and a treatment — "Which nerve is responsible?" is answered at the same time the pain is relieved
• If the pain clearly improves, the doctor can confirm: "This is the nerve causing your symptoms"
• Invaluable when planning surgery, as it helps determine exactly where to operate

5. Facet Joint Block / Medial Branch Block

The injection targets the facet joints — the small joints that connect the vertebrae at the back of the spine.

• Think of it as "injecting the small, worn-out joints in your lower back"
• Best for patients whose primary symptom is back pain rather than leg symptoms
• Generally less effective for leg numbness
• If the injection relieves your back pain, it confirms that the facet joints are the source