Comparing Treatment Options

Risk Comparison

Risks of Each Treatment

Treatment Common risks Serious risks
Medication Stomach/GI problems, drowsiness, dizziness Kidney damage (long-term NSAIDs)
Nerve block injections Temporary numbness, discomfort Infection, bleeding (rare)
Decompression surgery Infection, bleeding, temporary symptom worsening Nerve damage (rare)
Fusion surgery Above + adjacent segment disease Implant-related complications
SCS Infection, lead migration Device-related complications

How to Think About These Risks

Reported complication rates vary widely between studies, and your individual risk depends on your condition, the extent of the procedure, and the facility. For that reason, this site does not list one-size-fits-all figures. As general tendencies:

  • The larger the operation, the higher the risk of complications such as infection and blood clots
  • Fusion surgery carries the long-term concern of adjacent segment disease — new strain on the levels next to the fused segment
  • SCS is comparatively low-burden on the body, but lead migration and re-interventions for adjustment are relatively more common

For your specific risk, we recommend asking your doctor: "At this facility, how often do complications occur with this treatment?"