Tests and Diagnosis

Preparing for Your First Appointment

What to Tell Your Doctor

1. When the pain started — and whether anything triggered it
2. Where it hurts — a specific spot you can point to, or a broader area
3. What makes it better or worse — movement, rest, time of day, nighttime
4. Whether you have leg symptoms — numbness, tingling, weakness, and how far they extend
5. Any changes in bladder or bowel function
6. Current medications — bring a list or your medication packaging
7. Past surgeries or serious illnesses — especially any history of cancer
8. What you can no longer do — be specific about daily activities affected

Common Questions

Q: Why didn't my doctor order an MRI?

A: If there are no red flag symptoms and no neurological signs, MRI "findings" are often normal age-related changes that can lead to unnecessary worry and further testing. Your doctor will order imaging when it is clinically indicated and likely to change your treatment plan.

Q: What's the difference between an X-ray and an MRI?

A: X-rays show bone structure — useful for detecting fractures and spinal alignment. MRI reveals soft tissues including discs, nerves, and ligaments in detail. Each has its own strengths and they serve different purposes.

Q: Should I get a second opinion?

A: If surgery has been recommended, seeking a second opinion is reasonable — particularly for chronic low back pain, where surgical indications require careful consideration. A good surgeon will support your decision to get another perspective.