Exercise Therapy Basics
Which Types of Exercise Work?
Comparing 75 Clinical Trials
In 2023, Li and colleagues compared 75 clinical trials (5,254 patients) using a method called "network meta-analysis." This statistical approach ranks different types of exercise by comparing results across multiple trials.
Ranking for Pain Reduction
| Rank | Exercise Type | Effect vs. Standard Rehabilitation |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tai Chi | Large effect |
| 2 | Yoga | Large effect |
| 3 | Pilates | Moderate to large effect |
| 4 | Core stabilization exercises | Moderate effect |
Ranking for Functional Improvement
| Rank | Exercise Type | Effect |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yoga | Large effect |
| 2 | Core stabilization exercises | Moderate to large effect |
| 3 | Pilates | Moderate effect |
Why Do Tai Chi and Yoga Rank Highly?
Tai Chi and yoga likely rank well because they engage both the body and the mind:
- Slow, controlled movements — allow you to move without fear
- Breathing techniques — reduce stress and promote relaxation
- Meditative elements — reduce excessive focus on pain
- Group participation — provide social connection and support
Chronic low back pain involves a complex interaction between physical and psychological factors. It makes sense that exercises addressing both dimensions tend to be effective.