Warning Signs to Watch For

Most Back Pain Is Not Dangerous

First, some reassuring facts.

A large-scale review found that among patients who visited a hospital for low back pain, fewer than 5% had a serious underlying cause (Galliker 2019, American Journal of Medicine).

Serious Cause Frequency
Vertebral fracture (broken bone in the spine) 0–7.2%
Cancer metastasis (cancer spread to the spine) 0–2.1%
Spinal infection (e.g., osteomyelitis, discitis) 0–1.9%
Cauda equina syndrome (compressed nerve bundle) 0.1–1.9%

In other words, out of 100 people who see a doctor for low back pain, more than 95 do not have a life-threatening condition.

However, for the remaining few, early detection can change lives. That's why it's important to know the warning signs below.